Insurance Glossary: Commercial Lines – General Terms

Commercial Lines – General Terms

This section includes common terms found in commercial lines insurance, which includes policies for businesses such as general liability, workers' compensation, property insurance, and more. Understanding these terms is essential for business owners seeking to manage their risks effectively.

**1. Commercial General Liability (CGL)

A type of insurance policy that provides coverage for a business in the event it is held responsible for bodily injury or property damage caused by its operations, products, or employees. It typically covers incidents occurring on the business premises or as a result of the business's operations.

**2. Workers’ Compensation Insurance

Insurance that provides benefits to employees who suffer job-related injuries or illnesses, covering medical expenses, rehabilitation, and lost wages. It also protects the employer from lawsuits related to workplace accidents.

**3. Business Property Insurance

Coverage that protects a business’s physical assets, such as buildings, equipment, inventory, and other property, from risks like fire, theft, or vandalism. This is a key component of commercial property insurance.

**4. Business Interruption Insurance

Insurance that provides compensation for lost income and operating expenses if a business is forced to close due to a covered event (e.g., fire, storm, or other damage). It helps businesses maintain cash flow while operations are temporarily halted.

**5. Commercial Auto Insurance

Insurance that covers vehicles owned by a business, including cars, trucks, and vans, used for business purposes. It includes coverage for accidents, damage, and liability associated with business-related driving.

**6. Professional Liability Insurance

Also known as Errors & Omissions (E&O) insurance, this policy provides protection for businesses against claims of negligence, malpractice, or errors in the services or advice provided to clients. It is especially important for consultants, lawyers, and healthcare providers.

**7. Contractual Liability

Coverage that protects a business from liability resulting from a contract it has entered into. This can include indemnification provisions, where a business agrees to assume responsibility for another party's liability.

**8. Excess Liability (Umbrella Insurance)

A type of insurance that provides additional coverage above and beyond the limits of other liability policies (such as general liability, commercial auto, or employer’s liability). It helps protect against large claims or lawsuits.

**9. Product Liability Insurance

Insurance that provides coverage for businesses that manufacture, distribute, or sell products. It covers the cost of legal fees and damages if a product causes injury, property damage, or harm to consumers.

**10. Fidelity Bond

A type of insurance that protects a business from financial loss due to dishonest acts, such as employee theft or fraud. This type of coverage is often required by clients or vendors who want protection against employee malfeasance.

**11. Pollution Liability Insurance

Coverage that protects businesses from liability due to pollution or environmental damage caused by their operations. This can include cleanup costs and lawsuits related to contamination or environmental harm.

**12. Cyber Liability Insurance

Insurance that protects businesses against risks related to data breaches, hacking, and other cyber threats. It covers expenses like customer notification, legal fees, and fines in the event of a data breach.

**13. Workers’ Compensation Claim

A formal request for benefits made by an employee who has sustained a work-related injury or illness. The claim covers medical expenses, wage replacement, and rehabilitation.

**14. Directors and Officers (D&O) Insurance

A type of liability insurance that covers the directors and officers of a company in case they are sued for wrongful acts, such as mismanagement, breaches of fiduciary duties, or other corporate misconduct.

**15. Key Person Insurance

Insurance that provides coverage in the event of the death or disability of a key individual within the company. This can help a business cover lost revenue, transition expenses, or pay off debt while it recovers from the loss of a critical team member.

**16. Bodily Injury Liability

A portion of general liability insurance that covers legal fees, medical expenses, and other costs if a business is responsible for bodily injury to a third party (e.g., customer or vendor) during business operations.

**17. Property Damage Liability

A portion of general liability insurance that covers the costs associated with damage to another party’s property caused by the business or its employees. This coverage can help businesses avoid financial ruin from lawsuits.

**18. Indemnity

A contractual agreement in which one party agrees to compensate another party for any losses or damages incurred. In insurance, indemnity typically refers to compensation for losses suffered, often up to the policy limit.

**19. Certificates of Insurance (COI)

A document provided by an insurance company that verifies the existence and details of an insurance policy. It is often required by clients or vendors to ensure that a business has the necessary coverage.

**20. Commercial Package Policy (CPP)

A bundled insurance policy designed for businesses that combines multiple types of coverage, such as general liability, property insurance, and business interruption coverage, into a single package. This can be more affordable than buying individual policies.

**21. Property Value

The total value of a business's physical assets, such as buildings, inventory, and equipment. This value is used to determine the appropriate amount of coverage for commercial property insurance.

**22. Annual Aggregate Limit

The maximum amount an insurance policy will pay for claims over the course of a year. This limit applies to certain types of coverage, such as liability or workers' compensation, and helps control the insurance provider's exposure.

**23. Occurrence vs. Claims-Made Policies

• •Occurrence Policy: Covers incidents that occur during the policy period, regardless of when the claim is filed.
• •Claims-Made Policy: Covers claims made during the policy period, regardless of when the incident occurred. This type of policy is often used in professional liability insurance.

**24. Claims-Made vs. Occurrence Policies

• •Claims-Made Policies: Provide coverage for claims made during the policy period, regardless of when the event occurred. This is typically used for professional liability coverage.
• •Occurrence Policies: Cover incidents that occur during the policy period, regardless of when the claim is made. This is common for general liability insurance.

**25. Risk Management

The process of identifying, assessing, and controlling risks that may affect a business. Effective risk management can reduce the likelihood of claims and lower insurance premiums by addressing potential risks before they cause harm.

These terms are fundamental to understanding commercial lines insurance. If you’re a business owner, it’s essential to familiarize yourself with these concepts to ensure your operations are properly protected.

For more information or assistance with your commercial insurance needs, contact Armada Insurance Services today!